05 Fellmer 1966 [67] Radiation (709) 69% 5-year survival Uterus IIIA–IVB Iscador
(95)III 2.75 0.61 0.023 0.39–0.93 Grossarth 2008c [49] None (95) 1.67 IA-C Iscador (103)III 8.75 0.41 <0.0001 0.26–0.63 Grossarth 2008d [49] None (103) 6.67 Ovary FK228 in vivo IA–IC Iscador (75)III 6.83 0.47 0.0002 0.31–0.69 Grossarth 2007d [50] None (75) 5.83 IV Iscador (62)III 1.79 0.62 0.077 0.37–1.05 Grossarth 2007e [50] None (62) 1.17 Genital All stages SurgeryI, radiationI, Iscador (155) Disease-specific survival partly improved not shown Majewski 1963 [68] SurgeryI, radiationI,(not shown) Retrolective pharmaco-epidemiological cohort studies Breast I–III Conventional therapy, Iscador (710) 0.46 0.038 0.22–0.96 Bock 2004 [70] Conventional therapy (732) I–IV Conventional therapy, Eurixor (219) No difference observedV Schumacher 2003 [71, 72] Conventional therapy (470) I Co-intervention (i.e. radiation) applied to part of the group II Not applicable since more than 50% alive at study termination III Data from complete set of patient pairs reported IV Data only from patient pairs with strict matching reported V No difference could be found due to limited observation time (median < 10 months) CMF: Cyclophosphamide, DMXAA ic50 methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil P-value, 95% CI (confidence
interval): Statistical significance of difference between mistletoe (or other verum) and control group. Table 4 Controlled Clinical Studies on VAE Treatment in Breast and Gynaecological Cancer: Tumour Behaviour or Pleurodesis Site Stage Intervention (evaluable patients) Outcome P-value 95% CI Author, year, reference R EMISSION Randomized controlled trials Breast, ovary, lung T1–4,
N0–3, M0–1 ChemotherapyI, Helixor A (115) Remission rate: no difference Piao 2004 [56] ChemotherapyI, Lentinan (109) Ovary, others Inoperable (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate Radiation, cisplatin, holoxan, Helixor (23) 10% complete remission 48% partial remission 5% progress Lange 1985 [63] Radiation, cisplatin, holoxan (21) 17% complete remission 48% partial remission 4% progress Pleural effusionII Advanced Helixor (11) 82% complete remission 9% partial remission <0.05III Kim 1999 [60] Doxycycline, meperidine, lidocaine (15) 40% complete remission 27% partial remission D ISEASE-FREE INTERVAL, TIME TO EVENT, RECURRENCE (H AZARD RATIO ) Randomized controlled trials Breast T1a-3, N0, M0 Iscador (38) Time to local recurrences: 0.44 lymphatic metastases: 0.27 distant metastases: 0.50 all events (incl.death) 0.65 0.18 0.0048 0.061 0.012 0.14–1.44 0.11–0.67 0.24–1.03 0.47–0.91 Grossarth 2006a [52, 53] None (38) Non-randomized controlled trials Breast T1–3, N0, M0 Iscador (84) Time to local recurrences: 0.42 lymphatic metastases: 0.22 distant metastases: 0.36 all event (incl.death) 0.66 0.21–0.83 0.10–0.47 0.21–0.62 0.55–0.