Common transcriptional and other consequences of pathway activation are indicated in the Figure. Symbols are as in Figure See Figure 3 except that —l = Inhibition (direct or indirect), —ll = blocks translocation,) = Peptide, double helix = transcription. Figure 3 IPA generated NF-κB-centred gene network. Network contains nodes (gene/gene product) and edges (indicating a relationship between the nodes) showing the cellular/subcellular location as indicated. An asterisk indicates that duplicates

were identified in each dataset. Function classes of nodes indicated by shape to represent functional class, a plus sign indicates node is contained in other networks. All 35 focused genes are significantly up-regulated. Genes with an S score of ≥ 7 are shown in red and those with an S score of between 2.5–7

are shown Selleckchem PXD101 pink. Explanation of edge types and shapes is indicated. The antigen presentation pathway was identified through up-regulation of the Large Multifunctional Protease (LMP)-7, Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing (TAP) 1, TAP-binding SYN-117 mw protein (TAPBP), Calreticulin (CALR) and the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)1-α. Activation of the interferon-γ receptor defence Acalabrutinib clinical trial signalling pathway was noted through up-regulation of both components of interferon-γ receptor, Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and Tyrosine Kinase (TYK) 2. Activation of the ephrin signalling pathway, indicating activation of actin-based cytokinesis and repulsion. The pathway included up-regulation of ephrin receptor sub components, RHO family, GTP binding protein (Rac1), Cell Division Cycle (CDC) 42, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP), actin-related protein 2 (ARP2), V-crk homologue

(CRK) and Ras oncogene family member (RAP)1B with rho-associated Histone demethylase coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) 2. Finally, up-regulation of most components of the PI3K-phosphatase signalling pathway were noted, including phosphatase and tensin homology (PTEN) pathway indicating possible effects on the cell cycle, including Cell Division Cycle (CDC) 37, Forkhead Box (FOX)O1A and Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor (CDKN)1a (P21). SFN (Stratifin or 14-3-3σ) however, was down-regulated. Predicted functional effects The IPA program can determine if groups of significantly changed genes have related cellular and molecular functions (Figure 4). Here IPA identified 16 functional categories that were significantly affected by the C. jejuni BCE. The most prominent functions implicated were cellular movement (reflecting changes in chemokines, adhesion receptors and molecules affecting cytokinesis), cell growth and proliferation and cell death. Figure 4 Functional Molecular and Cellular pathways significantly affected by C. jejuni BCE.