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“The goal of this study was to clone and sequence
selected expressed sequence tags (ESTs) which mRNA is upregulated in a rat model of epilepsy 17-AAG based on our previous work [17] and to determine the localization of their mRNA expression in the normal brain. Six ESTs that had not been assigned to any gene at the time of the inception of our experiments were chosen for analysis. Radioactive in situ hybridization revealed that the expression of four transcripts (AA955087, AA875438, AA899079, AA819660) was clearly localized to hippocampal neurons and was also detected in the cortex. Two transcripts, AA819523 and AA819766, displayed a uniform expression pattern. 5′RACE cloning and sequencing allowed for the annotation of five ESTs to known or predicted genes: Selleckchem Epoxomicin sorting nexin-2 (SNX2), tweety homolog 1 (Ttyh1), selenoprotein T (SelT), transmembrane protein 204 (Tmem204) and methyl-CpG binding domain protein 3 (Mbd3). According to the results of our combined non-radioactive in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry with cell-specific markers, mRNA coding for Ttyh1, Tmem204 and Mbd3 was expressed in neurons. The potential role of the studied genes in normal brain or in brain pathology remains elusive and requires further study because little is known about
these genes in general. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) has been implicated in cell cycle progression and mitosis; however, the complexity of PP2A regulation via multiple B subunits makes its functional characterization a significant challenge. The human adenovirus protein E4orf4 has been found to induce both high Cdk1 activity and the accumulation of cells in G(2)/M in both mammalian and yeast cells, effects which are largely dependent
on the B55/Cdc55 regulatory subunit of PP2A. Thus, E4orf4 represents a unique means by which the function of a specific form of PP2A can be delineated in vivo. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, only two PP2A regulatory subunits exist, Cdc55 and Rts1. Here, we show that E4orf4-induced toxicity depends on a functional interaction with Cdc55. E4orf4 expression correlates with the inappropriate reduction of Pds1 and Scc1 either in S-phase-arrested cells. The unscheduled loss of these proteins suggests the involvement of PP2A(Cdc55) in the regulation of the Cdc20 form of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC). Contrastingly, activity of the Hct1 form of the APC is not induced by E4orf4, as demonstrated by the observed stability of its substrates. We propose that E4orf4, being a Cdc55-specific inhibitor of PP2A, demonstrates the role of PP2ACdc55 in regulating APC(Cdc20) activity.”
“Obesity is a growing global health problem that contributes to diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, dementia, and cancer. The increased consumption of saturated fats in a high-fat diet (HFD) contributes to obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, long-term memory loss, and cognitive impairment.