Immunophenotyping is an important tool in
the classification of TCL in people, and can be equally useful in dogs. Hypothesis/ObjectivesWe hypothesized that loss of expression of the CD45 antigen is a specific diagnostic feature of TZL. AnimalsTwenty dogs with concurrent histology and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry were studied in depth. An additional 494 dogs diagnosed by immunophenotyping were used to characterize the population of dogs with this disease. MethodsLymph node biopsies from 35 dogs with TCL were classified by 2 pathologists using WHO criteria. Twenty lymph nodes were from dogs with CD45- TCL and 15 were from CD45+ TCL. The pathologists were blinded to the flow cytometry findings. Outcome information was sought for the 20 dogs with CD45- lymphoma, and population characteristics of the additional 494 dogs were described. ResultsAll 20 CD45- cases were classified as TZL. The 15 CD45+ cases were classified as SN-38 mouse aggressive TCL and are described in an accompanying paper. TZL cases had a median survival of 637days. Examination of 494 additional dogs diagnosed with TZL by immunophenotyping demonstrated that 40% of cases are in Golden Retrievers, are diagnosed at a median age of 10years, and the majority have lymphadenopathy and lymphocytosis. ConclusionsTZL
has unique immunophenotypic features that can be used for diagnosis.”
“Background: The external knee adduction moment (EKAM) is often studied in knee osteoarthritis research. Selleckchem Elafibranor This study compared EKAMs between two methods of calculation: a method that only requires ground reaction force and knee position data (i.e. lever-arm), and an inverse dynamics link-segment method. Methods: Sixteen participants walked while wearing a control shoe with and without a six millimeter lateral wedge insole. Peak EKAMs between the lever-arm
and inverse dynamics methods were compared for the control condition, and the %change in moment induced by the lateral wedge was compared between methods. Results: When comparing EKAMs between methods, no correlation was found (r = 0.24, p = 0.36); peak EKAMs with the lever-arm method (26.0 Nm) were significantly lower than EKAMs with the inverse dynamics method (40.2 Nm, p b 0.001); and Bland-Altman plots showed poor agreement between methods. When assessing the %change in moment with a lateral wedge, a moderate correlation see more was found (r = 0.55, p = 0.03) between methods; Bland-Altman plots showed moderate agreement between methods; and the lever-arm method (-6.4%) was not significantly different from the inverse dynamics method (-11.4%, p = 0.09); however, the two methods produced opposite results 31% of the time. Conclusion: The lever-arm method cannot estimate peak EKAMs, and can only approximate the %change in moment induced by a lateral wedge; however, the error rate was 31%. Therefore, the lever-arm method is not recommended for use in its current form. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.