RREB1 IHC performed on a bladder cancer TMA did not indicate a relationship between total RREB1 expression and overall survival after radical cystectomy for invasive bladder cancer. check details In contrast, in vitro proliferation studies using the UMUC-3 bladder cancer cell line after selective isoform-specific knockdown of expression indicate that RREB1 alpha is not necessary for proliferation, but that RREB1 beta may be required. These contributions should accelerate progress in the nascent RREB1 field by providing new reagents while also providing clues

to the role of RREB1 isoforms in human cancer and raising the possibility of isoforna-specific roles in human carcinogenesis and progression. (Am J Pathol 2011, 179:477-486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.03.038)”
“The standard post-mortem storage method for biomechanical testing is freezing. Freezing minimally alters the biomechanical characteristics of tendons but only suspends the process of decay. Chemical fixation arrests decay and overcomes risk of infection,

but alters the biomechanical properties of tendons. On Selleckchem Wnt inhibitor the other hand, Thiel preservation has been reported to maintain soft tissue consistency similar to that of living tissue.\n\nThe current study investigates the effects of Thiel embalming on human digitorum profundus tendons (FOP) from fresh-frozen and Thiel embalmed cadavers. Cross-sectional area was measured at pre-load, samples were preconditioned and then ramped at a constant strain-rate selleck inhibitor to failure. Thiel preserved tendons had statistically lower failure stress with median of 38 MPa compared to

fresh frozen samples with median of 60 MPa (p-value = 0.048) and trended to a decreased tangential modulus. To overcome limited donor number and masking factors of age, gender, and time embalmed, we also performed experiments in rat tail tendon fascicle. Similar quasi-static ramp to failure tests were performed with control and Thiel treated sample pairs. Similar differences were observed to those found as in human FDP, however these trends were statistically significant. In both tendons, Thiel preserved samples demonstrated altered failure characteristics, indicating a different collagen fiber/collagen network failure mechanism most likely due to partial denaturing by boric acid in Thiel solution. In conclusion, Thiel embalmed tendons did not faithfully represent the biomechanical characteristics of fresh frozen tendons. (C) 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.”
“Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs) have been proposed to be the most likely precursor of ovarian, tubal and primary peritoneal (pelvic) high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC).