Strength performance and jumping ability There were no differences in performance changes between 1 KG and 0.5 KG after the 4-week period but in 1 KG maximal strength in bench press decreased (p < 0.05) and CMJ improved (p < 0.02) (Table 1). Table 1 Characteristics of physical performance

selleck kinase inhibitor (mean ± SD) Variable Before After Before vs. after (p =) Sign. in selleck products change 0.5 KG vs. 1 KG (p =) Bench press (kg) 1RM 0.5 KG 31.1 ± 8.8 31.1 ± 8.8 1.00 0.10 Bench press (kg) 1RM 1 KG 36.3 ± 7.1 34.7 ± 6.3 0.05   Bench press ME 0.5 KG(reps × kg) 502 ± 200 481 ± 190 0.35 0.44 Bench press ME 1 KG (reps × kg) 657 ± 175 661 ± 203 0.87   Squat 1RM (kg) 0.5 KG 61.8 ± 24,1 63.9 ± 24,5 0.25 0.49 Squat 1RM (kg) 1 KG 58.8 ± 13.6 59.7 ± 14.6 0.20   Squat ME 0.5 KG (reps × kg) 991 ± 545 1003 ± 556 0.93 0.16 Squat ME 1 KG (reps × kg) 1460 ± 1076 1956 ± 1733 0.11   CMJ 0.5 KG (cm) 43.7 ± 5,9 45.0 ± 6.7 0.12 0.75 CMJ 1 KG (cm) 46.0 ± 2,4 47.0 ± 3.0 0.02   Data are means ± SDs. 1RM = one repetition maximum, ME = muscle endurance (repetitions × load), CMJ = counter-movement jump General mood In 0.5 KG, 57% of the subjects (n

= 4/7 = 4 subjects from 7 subjects) reported that they had learn more more alertness in work/studying and training during the weight loss regimen. Similarly in 1.0 KG, 44% of the subjects (n = 3/8) reported that they had more alertness in school and only 25% reported that they had more alertness during training. Furthermore in 1.0 KG, 50% of the subjects (n = 4/8)

reported that they had felt less alertness during training when no one in 0.5 KG gave such an answer (n = 0/7). The subjects in 0.5 KG also reported better general mood and no one from this group reported any kind of anxiety when 37.5% (n = PIK-5 3/8) in 1.0 KG reported that they were more anxious and felt more tired than usual. Almost everyone in both groups was satisfied with the weight loss and thought that they looked better after the weight loss (n = 14/15). Discussion Main results We were able to demonstrate significant changes in body composition after a 4-week weight reduction regimen as total body weight, fat mass and fat percentage decreased in both groups. The changes were significantly greater in the 1 KG group than in the 0.5 KG group. Serum total and free testosterone concentrations decreased significantly in 1 KG, though the change was greater in 1 KG than in 0.5 KG. On the other hand, SHBG increased significantly in 1 KG group during the weight reduction regimen. After the 4-week period there were no changes in strength performance in 0.5 KG but in 1 KG maximal strength in bench press decreased whereas endurance strength in squat and CMJ improved. Diet composition and body composition We were successful in diet intervention in both groups in decreasing carbohydrates and fat and in increasing protein intake as calculated from the 8-day food records during four weeks.