The results showed that most augmented pedicle screws had cement extension into three of the four zones of the vertebral body (66.3%), followed by two zones (20%), all four zones (11.5%), and only one zone (2.2%). Overall, 123 screws (84.8%) in Group A and 108 screws (86.4%) in Group B had cement concentrate type distribution. The cement leakage rate in Group A is 18.3% and 13.6% in Group B. Patients with a BMD < 0.6 g/cm(2) had significantly higher rates
of cement leakage and tended toward a scattered cement distribution. There was only one patient who had a symptomatic leakage (sciatica) in Group B. We concluded that the cement distribution after pedicle screw augmentation with biopsy needle or cannulated screw technique
was mostly localized in three zones of the vertebral body, and patients with lower BMD had a higher risk of cement leakage and scattered INCB024360 research buy cement distribution.”
“The aim of this study is to determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) could increase the survival of xenografted human ovarian tissue in an experimental rabbit model.
Fresh human ovarian tissue was xenotransplanted into the back muscle of 25 castrated female New Zealand rabbits for 6 weeks with the immunosuppression of FTY720 (2 mg/kg/d). Rabbits were randomly divided into five experimental groups: (A) graft and host treatment with VEGF (50 ng/ml); SBE-β-CD (B) graft and host treatment with bFGF (100 ng/ml); (C) graft and host treatment with VEGF(50 ng/ml) + bFGF (100 ng/ml); (D) graft and host treatment with normal saline; (E) control group, no treatment. 4 weeks after transplantation, human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG)
10 IU was administered every second day in group A, group B, group C and group D for 2 weeks. Graft survival was assessed by graft recovery rate, histological analysis, immunohistochemical staining for CD31 and Ki-67expression, TUNEL assay.
After 6 weeks of grafting, the number of CD31-positive stained cells increased significantly in group A, group B and group C compared to the control group. All groups showed strong Ki-67 immunostaining in ovarian stroma. Only one rabbit in group C retained the grafts’ follicles. Grafting resulted in relative Fosbretabulin supplier lower fibrosis in group A and group C compared to the control group. Apoptosis was significantly lower in group C compared to the control group.
Fresh human ovarian cortex grafted into the back muscle of rabbit can sustain part of ovarian tissue function with the immunosuppression of FTY720, although follicle number diminishes significantly after grafting. The administration of VEGF and bFGF, especially the combination of them, may trigger angiogenesis, reduce apoptosis and fibrosis, increase survival in transplanted human ovarian tissue.