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“Total oil content and concentrations of the major fatty acids and of the tocopherol homologues were determined in the kernel oil of 44 local almond cultivars originated in the different Spanish growing regions. The ranges of variability for the different parameters was similar to those already reported for almond, such as 50.58-64.95% of dry matter (DM) for oil content, 64.97-79.59% of oleic acid in the total oil, and 313.0-616.1 mg/kg oil for alpha-tocopherol. Despite these ranges of variability, extremely high values were obtained in some genotypes, such as very high content

of oleic acid in ‘Muel’ and PRIMA-1MET chemical structure of a-tocopherol in ‘Araguayo-2′. These ranges of variability indicate that this collection reflects a high level of diversity and the importance of maintaining and characterising such a diverse germplasm collection. The knowledge of this diversity may be extremely useful in identifying interesting parents to be included in a breeding programme as a response to new selection objectives, such as the improvement of the chemical quality of the almond kernel. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation status is critical to predicting responsiveness to EGFR tyrosine kinase learn more inhibitor (TKI) therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, a vast majority of the patients

experience recurrence of the cancers by a secondary mutation of EGFR (T790M). Earlier studies suggested evidence that subclones bearing EGFR T790M mutation pre-exist in NSCLCs even prior to the therapies. However,

to date, the status of T790M mutation in primary NSCLC is largely known. In this study, we developed an assay using BI 2536 supplier peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-clamping PCR for detection of low-level EGFR T790M mutation. We found that the assay showed the highest sensitivity (0.01% mutation detection) in the clamping condition. We analyzed 147 NSCLC tissues [70 adenocarcinomas (AD), 62 squamous cell carcinomas (SQ), 12 large cell carcinomas (LC), and three adenosquamous carcinomas] that had not been exposed to the TKI therapies, and found 12 (8.2%; 12/147) EGFR T790M mutation in eight AD (11.4%), three SQ (4.8%), and one LC (8.3%) by the PNA-clamping PCR. However, this mutation was not detected by conventional DNA sequencing. Our data indicate that EGFR T790M exists in pretreatment NSCLC at low levels irrespective of histologic types. This study provides a basis for developing an applicable protocol for detecting low-level EGFR T790M mutation in primary NSCLC, which might contribute to predicting recurrence of the tumor in response to the TKI therapies.”
“Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans form of histiocytosis characterized by xanthomatous tissue infiltration with foamy histiocytes.