Results: A total of 152 patients (88m, 64f) were recorded. 43.4% (n = 66) were conventionally Selleck AG-881 treated (insulin: twice-daily, three-dose treatment), whereas 56.6% (n = 86) were on a multiple injection treatment (e. g. functional insulin treatment and/or insulin pump). Actual overall HbA1c values, expressed as medians (25(th)/75(th) centiles), were 7.6% (7.0/8.3) compared to 7.9% (7.3/8.6) in 1998 (p <0.01). In younger, prepubertal children the HbA1c value recorded was 7.4% (6.9/8.1), and 7.7% (7.2/8.5)

in adolescents. Interestingly, no significant difference was observed between HbA1c levels of conventionally versus intensively treated patients.

Conclusions: With current treatment strategies, glycaemic control of T1DM children and adolescents improved significantly (p <0.01) between 1998 and 2008, although only a minority of the subjects reached the ISPAD goals.”
“Magnetization processes in FePt polytwin crystals of L1(0) phase under external magnetic fields along different crystallographic directions are studied by using micromagnetic modeling. Computer simulations show highly anisotropic magnetic response of FePt polytwin crystals, and reveal strong effects of twin boundaries on magnetic domain structure evolutions. selleck chemicals llc Due to high magnetocrystalline anisotropy of L1(0) phase, magnetic domain rotation is suppressed while

magnetic domain wall motion plays a dominant role in magnetization processes. It is found that magnetostatic interaction between magnetic domains in neighboring twin

crystals generates magnetic charges at the twin boundaries, which produce an internal magnetic field. The competition between the internal and external magnetic fields determines magnetic domain structures and their evolution paths, explaining the different characteristics of the magnetization curves under applied magnetic fields along different directions. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3437626]“
“This study examined C59 purchase the impact of seizure-related items and selected comorbid medical conditions on Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, Second Edition (MMPI-2), Scales 1 and 3 and the psychogenic nonepileptic seizure (PNES) profile [Wilkus RJ, Dodrill CB, Thompson PM. Intensive EEG monitoring and psychological studies of patients with pseudoepileptic seizures. Epilepsia 1984;25:100-7] in patients with epileptic seizures (ES) and PNES. Sixty patients with a long-term video/EEG monitoring diagnosis of either ES (N = 30) or PNES (N = 30) and valid MMPI-2 profiles were included in this study. MMPI-2 seizure-related items [Derry PA, Harnadeck MCS, McLachlan RS, Sontrop J. Influence of seizure content on interpreting psychopathology on the MMPI-2 in patients with epilepsy.

Lattice constant a, bulk modulus B, elastic constants of cubic lattice (C(11), C(12), and C(44)), compressibility K, shear modulus G, tetragonal shear modulus G’, effective charges, as well as electronic structures of the three compounds have been calculated. The results show that the lattice constants of the three compounds have a relationship

a (ZnNNi(3)) < a(MgNNi(3)) < a(CdNNi(3)), while on the contrary, the order of the bulk modulus is B(CdNNi(3)) < B(MgNNi(3)) < B(ZnNNi(3)), consisting with Buparlisib chemical structure the tetragonal shear modulus G’. The neighboring Ni and N atoms are prone to form covalent bonds, while the M-Ni/N (M=Zn, Mg, or Cd) favor ionic nature. For the electronic

structures, Ni 3d and the hybridization between Ni 3d and N 2p have the most contributions to the total density of states at the Fermi level [N(E(F))] for all the three compounds. Although the component of M in the compounds has very small contributions to the N(E(F)), it may lead to a small shift in the Bucladesine chemical structure bands near the Fermi level and therefore influence the values of N(E(F)), which probably results in the ZnNNi(3) superconductivity at T(C) approximate to 3 K while the other two compounds show no indication of superconducting transition down to the temperature. (c) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3156641]“
“Background: Right ventricular (RV) apical pacing deteriorates left ventricular (LV) function. RV nonoutflow (low) septal pacing may better preserve ventricular performance, but this has not been systematically tested. Our aim was to assess (1) whether long-term RV lower septal pacing is superior to RV apical pacing regarding LV volumes and ejection fraction (EF), and (2) {Selleck Anti-cancer Compound Library|Selleck Anticancer Compound Library|Selleck Anti-cancer Compound Library|Selleck Anticancer Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-cancer Compound Library|Selleckchem Anticancer Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-cancer Compound Library|Selleckchem Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|buy Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library ic50|Anti-cancer Compound Library price|Anti-cancer Compound Library cost|Anti-cancer Compound Library solubility dmso|Anti-cancer Compound Library purchase|Anti-cancer Compound Library manufacturer|Anti-cancer Compound Library research buy|Anti-cancer Compound Library order|Anti-cancer Compound Library mouse|Anti-cancer Compound Library chemical structure|Anti-cancer Compound Library mw|Anti-cancer Compound Library molecular weight|Anti-cancer Compound Library datasheet|Anti-cancer Compound Library supplier|Anti-cancer Compound Library in vitro|Anti-cancer Compound Library cell line|Anti-cancer Compound Library concentration|Anti-cancer Compound Library nmr|Anti-cancer Compound Library in vivo|Anti-cancer Compound Library clinical trial|Anti-cancer Compound Library cell assay|Anti-cancer Compound Library screening|Anti-cancer Compound Library high throughput|buy Anticancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library ic50|Anticancer Compound Library price|Anticancer Compound Library cost|Anticancer Compound Library solubility dmso|Anticancer Compound Library purchase|Anticancer Compound Library manufacturer|Anticancer Compound Library research buy|Anticancer Compound Library order|Anticancer Compound Library chemical structure|Anticancer Compound Library datasheet|Anticancer Compound Library supplier|Anticancer Compound Library in vitro|Anticancer Compound Library cell line|Anticancer Compound Library concentration|Anticancer Compound Library clinical trial|Anticancer Compound Library cell assay|Anticancer Compound Library screening|Anticancer Compound Library high throughput|Anti-cancer Compound high throughput screening| if the changes in LV dyssynchrony imposed by pacing are related to the long-term changes in LV volumes and EF.

Methods: In thirty-six patients

with atrioventricular (AV) block, a dual-chamber pacemaker was implanted. The ventricular electrode was placed either at the apex or at the lower septum, in a randomized sequence. Twenty-four to 48 hours following implantation, we measured LV volumes, EF, and LV dyssynchrony (by tissue Doppler imaging), both with and without pacing. Patients were reassessed echocardiographically after 12 months.

Results: Lower septal pacing induced a more synchronized pattern of LV contraction changes (P < 0.05). Following 12 months, differences were observed between groups regarding LV volumes and EF. EF increased within the septal group (from 52 +/- 3.3% to 59 +/- 3.0%, P < 0.05). A significant inverse relation was documented between changes in LV dyssynchrony and changes in EF (r = -0.64, P < 0.05).

03 at room temperature. However, a correlation of the 3d(3z2-r2) orbital

order is also promoted by the Sr substitution, which bounds a further enhancement of ZT. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3505756]“
“Aim Proteasome inhibition of this study is to verify whether there is concordance between disease’s severity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and disability in patients with Myasthenia gravis (MG). 102 MG patients were clustered on the basis of HRQoL and disability scores into three groups: low disability and low HRQoL decrement (51 patients), intermediate disability and HRQoL decrement (28 patients), severe disability and high HRQoL decrement (23 patients). Cross tabulation with symmetric measures (Cramer’s V and Contingency Coefficient) was used to verify the relationships between disease severity groups, based on the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) criteria, and obtained clusters. Results confirm a significant relationship between MG severity groups, HRQoL and disability profiles. In our opinion, HRQoL

and disability instruments should be employed in Crenolanib clinical trials to match efficacy of treatments, measured on symptoms’ reductions only, with their effects on patients’ disability and HRQoL.”
“Novel hydrogels, physically crosslinked by hydrogen bonding of component polymers, were obtained by mixing aqueous solutions of carboxymethylchitosan (CMCS) with cellulose ethers including hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and methylcellulose (MC). The hydrogels were characterized by IR, XPS, WAXD, and SEM. The swelling and controlled drug release behaviors of hydrogels were also studied. The results indicate that intermacromolecular hydrogen bonding in CMCS/HEC is stronger than that in CMCS/MC. The swelling and drug release rate of hydrogels decrease as the interaction of component GSK1210151A cost polymers increases. Both the swelling and drug release from

hydrogels can be controlled by component polymer ratio. The hydrogels may be potential candidates for biomedical applications. VC 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 119: 2350-2358, 2011″
“We report measurements of the nonlinear refractive index, n(2), and the nonlinear absorption coefficient, alpha(2), of Pb(PO3)(2)-WO3 glasses. The measurements were performed using 100 fs (17 ps) laser pulses at 800 nm (1064 nm). Positive values of n(2) similar to 10(-19) m(2)/W and negligible alpha(2) were measured. The results show that the nonlinearity is faster than 100 fs and it is observed an increase of n(2) with the increasing of the WO3 amount in the samples. The Boling, Glass, and Owyoung model, based on the semiclassical harmonic oscillator model, was used to predict the values of n(2), with basis on the values of the linear refractive index of the samples. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.

This warrants further study prior to clinical implementation.”
“Given the ever-increasing problem of obesity, it is not surprising that the

number of patients who undergo bariatric surgery continues to rise. For patients who have gastric banding, the amount of food they can consume is limited, and nausea and vomiting may further limit nutritional intake early on. More extensive procedures, such as the Roux-en-Y or biliopancreatic diversion with or without a duodenal switch, not only restrict intake but also limit absorption in Selleck YH25448 the small intestine. As a result, deficiencies in vitamins, minerals, and trace elements may develop, leading to a variety of neurologic complications. The peripheral neuropathies best described with a clear-cut cause are an acute, frequently painful neuropathy or polyradiculoneuropathy associated with thiamine deficiency, and an isolated neuropathy or myeloneuropathy associated with deficiencies of either vitamin B12 or copper. Thiamine deficiency tends to occur in the first weeks or months FK228 supplier after surgery, vitamin B12 deficiency may develop at any time from a few years to many years after surgery, and copper deficiency tends to be a fairly late complication, developing several years to many years following surgery. Patients who have undergone bariatric

surgery may also have an increased risk of developing focal neuropathies, though these are less clearly related to specific nutritional deficiencies.

Ideally, one would like to prevent these neuropathies, but there is no consensus of opinion as to what vitamins and micronutrients need to be taken following bariatric surgery. In addition, many patients who take supplements early on fail

to maintain the regimen even though some of the neuropathies can occur fairly late. Supplements frequently recommended include a multivitamin, iron, vitamin D, folic acid, calcium citrate, and vitamin B12. Although thiamine is this website typically included in a multivitamin, the amount is fairly small, so I recommend adding 100 mg daily for at least the first year. Some have suggested zinc supplementation, but this is potentially problematic because exogenous zinc may interfere with copper absorption. Obtaining blood work every 6 months after surgery will help to identify and treat nutritional deficiencies early.

For those patients who have had a bariatric procedure and then develop a neuropathy, evaluating levels of thiamine, copper, vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid, and homocystine is indicated. In addition, since one deficiency is frequently associated with others, obtaining levels of vitamin A, C, D, K, and E, as well as iron, zinc, selenium, and magnesium is worthwhile. Checking total protein, albumin, and cholesterol also gives a sense of general nutritional status.

Summary

The gut modulation affecting permeability, inflammation and microbiota is evidently associated with the regulation of the inflammation leading to beta-cell destruction. Although the mechanisms of action are not fully understood, the recent research points out the lines of approach for the GSK2879552 in vivo prevention of T1D.”
“Background and Objective:

Hospitalization for exacerbation of COPD is associated with a high risk of mortality. A risk-prediction model

using information easily obtained on admission could help to identify high-risk individuals. The CURB65 score was developed to predict mortality risk in community acquired pneumonia. A retrospective study found that this score was also associated with mortality in COPD exacerbations. We conducted a prospective study to assess the utility of PF-6463922 chemical structure the CURB65 score in acute COPD exacerbations.

Methods:

Consecutive patients with physician diagnosed COPD exacerbations admitted to a public

hospital during a 1-year period were studied prospectively. The CURB65 scores were calculated from information obtained at initial hospital presentation. CURB65 = one point each for Confusion, Urea > 7 mmol/L, Respiratory rate >= 30/min, low Blood pressure, age >= 65 years.

Results:

30-day mortality data were available for 249 of 252 patients. CURB65 scores on admission significantly predicted risk of death during the hospital admission and at 30 days. The 30-day mortality by score groups were: low risk (scores 0-1) 2.0% (2/98), moderate risk (score BTK inhibitor mw 2)

6.7% (6/90) and high risk (scores 3-5) 21.3% (13/61). CURB65 scores were not predictive of 1-year mortality.

Conclusions:

A simple 6-point score based on confusion, blood urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure and age can be used to stratify patients with COPD exacerbation into different management groups. The CURB65 score was as effective in predicting early mortality in our cohort of acute COPD exacerbations as it was in previous cohorts with community acquired pneumonia. Our findings suggest that CURB65 scores can help clinicians to assess patients with exacerbation of COPD.”
“To review all specific questionnaires regarding quality of life in osteoporosis and to describe their distinctive indications, we searched Medline, the Scientific Electronic Library Online database, and the Latin-American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature database.

This article surveys the state of the art on microsample-quantitation systems in UV-Vis spectrometry. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Stroke rapid-response (“”code stroke”") teams facilitate the Selleck Stem Cell Compound Library evaluation and treatment of patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs). Little is known about the usefulness of code stroke systems for patients hospitalized primarily for other conditions. We hypothesized that the yield of code stroke evaluations would be lower in hospitalized than in ED patients, and sought to identify potential targets

for quality improvement efforts. Diagnoses and management of in-hospital and ED code stroke patients were assessed retrospectively in a Joint Commission-certified primary stroke center over a

1-year period. A total of 93 in-hospital and 204 ED code strokes were identified during this period. Compared with the ED patients, the hospitalized patients were less likely to have had a stroke/transient ischemic attack (26.8% vs 51.4%; P < .0001) and less likely to have been treated with a thrombolytic agent (odds ratio, 0.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.07-0.97: P = .03). Conditions not necessitating immediate neurologic care accounted for 63.4% of in-hospital strokes, compared with 31.3% of ED code strokes (P < .0001). “”Altered mental status”" was the sole presenting symptom in 48% of the hospitalized patients, compared with only 10% of ED patients (P < .0001), and was the only clinical feature independently associated with a stroke mimic in the hospitalized patients (odds ratio, 63.52; 95% confidence interval, 7.37-547.69; P = .0002). There was no association between a final diagnosis of a stroke see more mimic and patient age, sex or race-ethnicity or nursing shift. The proportions of patients with acute ischemic stroke and patients treated with thrombolytics after activation

of in-hospital code stroke were small, and were lower than those of patients with ED code stroke in the same hospital over the same time period. Developing a standardized assessment protocol for hospitalized patients with altered mental status may improve the efficacy of care.”
“Objectives: To identify and analyse existing evidence from published studies R406 evaluating the efficacy and safety of a percutaneous vessel closure device for the closure of large arterial femoral arterial access sites (>= 10 French).

Design: This study was a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Materials and methods: Electronic databases were searched for studies published on the evaluation of the Prostar XL vessel closure device. There was no restriction by study design or patient population. Appraisal of studies for inclusion and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed where feasible.

Results: Twenty-one studies were included, which reported data specifically for closure of large (>= 10 Fr) femoral arterial access sites using the Prostar XL device.

aeruginosa infection and the source of the interleukin. The production of IL-17 increased rapidly after acute pulmonary P. aeruginosa infection in mice. We subsequently examined the role of IL-17 in acute

infection and found 100 times more bacteria in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice treated with an IL-17-neutralizing antibody compared with the IgG(2a)-treated mice after 16 h of infection. The main infiltrating cells in the anti-IL-17-treated mice were lymphocytes rather than neutrophils. Consistently, more tissue damage and pathological changes in the lung were observed in the anti-IL-17-treated mice. We also found that Th17 cells are one of the sources of IL-17. We conclude buy GSK923295 that the early production of IL-17 plays a protective role during acute pulmonary P. aeruginosa infection in mice and that Th17 cells are one of the sources of IL-17 during acute pulmonary P. aeruginosa infection. Altogether, IL-17 and Th17 cells contribute to the pathogenesis of acute pulmonary P. aeruginosa infection in vivo.”
“Biological

pathways link the molecular and cellular levels of biological activity and perform complex information processing seamlessly. Systems biology aims to combine an understanding of the cause-effect relationships of each individual interaction to build an understanding of the function of whole pathways. Therapies that target the ‘host’ biological processes in infectious diseases are often limited to the use of vaccines and biologics rather than small molecules, The development of host drug targets for small Liproxstatin-1 cell line molecules is constrained by a limited knowledge of the underlying role of each target, particularly its potential to cause harmful side effects after targeting.

By considering the combinatorial complexity of pathways from the outset, we can develop modeling tools that are better suited to analyzing large pathways, enabling us to identify new causal relationships. This could lead to new drug target strategies that beneficially disrupt host-pathogen interactions, minimizing the number of side effects. We introduce logic theory as part of a pathway modeling approach that can provide a new framework for understanding pathways and refine ‘host-based’ drug target identification strategies.”
“Transient Elafibranor Metabolism inhibitor capacitance measurements reveal new physics of metastable defect formation in boron-doped oxygen-containing crystalline silicon solar cells. These measurements demonstrate that holes are deeply trapped during defect formation and removed during thermal annealing with activation energy of 1.3 eV. Previous theoretical models Du et al., [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 256602 (2006)] and Adey et al., [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 055504 (2004)] are supported by present findings that defect formation is a slow two-stage process with activation energies of 0.17 eV and 0.4 eV at high and low temperature, respectively.

Design-Cross-sectional study.

Animals-42 adult Andalusian horses.

Procedures-Group 1 included 9 healthy horses, group 2 included 19 horses with SIRS without (n = 9) or with (10) a palpable increase in digital pulse intensity, and group 3 included 14 horses with laminitis without (8) or with (6) radiographic evidence of rotation

or distal displacement (sinking) of the third phalanx. Qualitative spectrum characteristics and quantitative Doppler measurements of the lateral palmar digital artery were obtained for horses GSK J4 clinical trial in each group.

Results-4 spectra, characterized by a positive systolic peak followed by several positive diastolic peaks, were observed in group 1 horses, group 2 horses, and group 3 horses that lacked radiographic changes. In the group 3 horses that had radiographic changes, laminar blood flow was detected. Diameter of the lateral palmar digital click here artery was significantly larger in the group 3 horses than in the group 2 horses; blood flow was significantly higher in the group 2 horses that had an increase in digital pulse intensity than in the group 2 horses without an increase in digital pulse intensity; velocity-time integral and acceleration

time were significantly lower in group 3 horses, compared with group 2 horses.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results suggested that Doppler ultrasonography may be a useful complementary tool to detect digital blood flow changes of horses with SIRS, especially if they have a palpable increase in digital pulse intensity, or laminitis.”
“The aim of the study was to assess the sensory and motor effects of antimuscarinic treatment on the bladder in women with overactive bladder, detrusor overactivity demonstrated on urodynamics and a mean bladder wall thickness this website (BWT) greater than 5 mm.

Fifty-eight women underwent treatment with antimuscarinics in 12 weeks. Before treatment and at 1, 2, 6 and 12 weeks of treatment, women completed the patient perception of bladder condition (PPBC) single-item global questionnaire, indicated the severity of their urgency on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and underwent transvaginal ultrasound to determine mean bladder

wall thickness (BWT).

PPBC and VAS scores for urgency declined throughout the treatment course whereas mean BWT declined during the first 6 weeks of treatment and then reached a plateau after falling to below 5 mm.

The mechanism of action of antimuscarinics appears to be a complex interaction of sensory and motor components.”
“Purpose: To retrospectively assess accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging after radiation therapy with concomitant chemotherapy for downsizing of the primary lesion to ypT0-2 tumor confined to rectal wall in locally advanced rectal cancer, with histopathologic findings as reference standard, and to evaluate additional value of volumetric analysis.

Materials and Methods: The institutional review board approved the study and waived informed consent. Sixty-seven patients met criteria of the study.

97%) and less likely to agree that 2009 H1N1 vaccine was safe during pregnancy compared with the seasonal influenza vaccine (78% vs. 87%). Pharmacists who had been vaccinated themselves were more likely to recommend vaccination for pregnant patients. Only 38% believed that antiviral medications such as oseltamivir can be given during pregnancy because the benefits outweigh the risks. However, in response to case studies of pregnant women who were candidates for antiviral medications, respondents indicated that they would take extraordinary steps to ensure that pregnant women were either referred for medical assessment or for assistance in obtaining prescribed antiviral medications.

Conclusion: Education efforts that

focus on the effectiveness and safety of influenza vaccination during pregnancy and the benefits of treating pregnant women with confirmed or suspected influenza with antiviral medications

may be useful in improving pharmacists’ support of Vorinostat mouse pharmaceutical interventions to reduce the impact of influenza in pregnant women. Pharmacists’ personal decisions regarding vaccination may be a marker for their overall assessment of risks and benefits and may influence their recommendations for pregnant patients.”
“Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms are a rare entity. Rupture of such aneurysms is a major cause of aortocardiac fistulas usually occurring between the right sinus of Valsalva and right cardiac chambers. We report an exceptional case of a ruptured HIF inhibitor congenital EVP4593 purchase sinus of Valsalva aneurysm with fistulas involving both the right- and left-ventricular outflow tracts and causing RVOT obstruction. We also demonstrate the utility of computed tomography angiography and transesophageal echocardiography in diagnosing these fistulas.”
“We present the first exploratory survey about the views of tissue engineers on the ethical issues of tissue engineering (TE), conducted among participants

of a large European TE consortium. We analyzed the topics for which ethical guidance is necessary and the preferred dissemination channels, which are relevant issues and goals of clinical trials with human tissue-engineered products, and which information is to be given to trial participants. The need for comprehensive, specific ethical guidance of TE is a first key finding of this survey. Second, it becomes clear that little clarity exists on some crucial issues in the setup and conduct of clinical trials in TE. Identifying the unique features of TE and their repercussions for the ethical conduct of TE research and therapy is necessary. Third, prospective trial participants are to be informed about a wide variety of issues before taking part in the trial.”
“Objectives: To determine the prevalence and predictors of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in adolescent girls who were recommended to receive the vaccine by their health care providers.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: United States in 2007-08.

Pearson correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman 95% limit of agreement, and Lin concordance coefficient were calculated.

Results: Mean fat fractions calculated from the triple-echo sequence and (1)H MR spectroscopy Nirogacestat were 10% (range, 0.7% 35.6%) and 9.7% (range, 0.2%-34.1%), respectively. Mean T2* time was 14.7 msec (range, 5.4-25.4 msec). Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.989 (P <.0001) and Lin concordance coefficient was 0.988 (P <.0001). With the Bland-Altman method, all data points were within the limits of agreement.

Conclusion: A breath-hold

triple-echo gradient-echo sequence with a low flip angle and correction for T2* decay is accurate for quantifying fat in segment VII of the liver. Given its excellent correlation and concordance with (1)H MR spectroscopy, this triple-echo sequence could replace (1)HMR spectroscopy

in longitudinal studies. (C) RSNA, 2009″
“The secondary electron emission flux in a scanning electron microscope is a powerful tool for delineation of electrically active dopant concentration, built-in potentials, EPZ004777 and surface electric fields in semiconductor junctions. In all the secondary electron images of p-n junctions, the p-doped regions appear brighter than n-doped regions. We present a theory for the doping contrast in p-n junctions that is based on the secondary electron emission yield and surface band bending extracted from Kelvin probe force microscopy

measurements. click here We show that the contrast is governed by the secondary electron escape depth, and their escape probability which is related to the secondary electron energy distribution and the effective electron affinity. It is found that the escape depth is the main factor determining the dopant contrast, and the escape probability has a smaller effect. In addition, our theory explains the logarithmic dependence of the measured contrast on the acceptor concentration in silicon reported by many groups.”
“The mechanical properties, flame retardancy, hot-air ageing, and hot-oil ageing resistance of ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber (EVM)/hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber (HNBR) /magnesium hydroxide (MH) composites were studied. With increasing HNBR fraction, elongation at break and tear strength of the EVM/HNBR/NM composites increased, whereas the limited oxygen index and Shore A hardness decreased slightly. Hot-air ageing resistance and hot-oil ageing resistance of the composites became better with increasing HNBR fraction. Thermal gravimetric analysis results demonstrated that the presence of MH and low HNBR fraction could improve the thermal stability of the composites. Differential scanning calorimeter revealed that the glass transition temperature (T(g)) of the composites shifted toward low temperatures with increasing HNBR fraction, which was also confirmed by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis.